Get tested for diabetes

Diabetes is on the rise in South Africa and the world, but early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent dangerous complications.

Diabetes occurs when the body fails to process glucose correctly. Glucose comes from the food we eat. Many people have diabetes mellitus, but remain undiagnosed.

Diabetes type 1 is a progressive autoimmune disease usually diagnosed in children and young adults; whilst diabetes type 2 can be caused by unhealthy lifestyle choices and usually starts in adulthood. Women can also develop gestational diabetes when they are pregnant. It is possible to live a healthy life by identifying the symptoms of diabetes early, receiving proper medical care and making healthy lifestyle changes.

World Diabetes Day is commemorated every year on
14 November.  This year’s theme is ‘Eyes on Diabetes’. The aim is to encourage
individuals to have themselves tested for diabetes and insulin resistance and to raise awareness about the disease.

What causes diabetes?

Diabetes is often caused by a poor diet, which is high in fat and carbohydrates. Refined, sugary foods can contribute to type 2 diabetes, by causing weight gain. 

Over three million South Africans are affected by either type 1 diabetes, which is often an inherited condition; or type 2 diabetes, which results when not enough
insulin is produced or the body fails to react to it.

Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to kidney failure, cardiac arrest, amputations and stroke, among other complications.

Common signs and symptoms:

• Unusual thirst
• Frequent urination
• Unusual weight loss
• Lack of energy
• Blurred vision
• Frequent or recurring infections
• Cuts and bruises that are slow to heal, boils and itching skin
• Tingling and numbness in the hands or feet.

These symptoms may not all be present, as they differ from person to person. If you have these symptoms discuss them with your doctor.     

*Supplied by Government Employees Medical Scheme.